The Wilderness Guardians - OSRS Clan - PvP, PvM and More - OSRS Mobile Clans

Quote from: Rachellove9 on November 14, 2013, 02:42:57 AM
Okay I'm soooo mad . . .   You didn't leave me anything but this link. 

Simon you sweetie, I've missed you.
Just hang out and get back when life is a lil easier.
It's just nice to hear from you again.

Nice thread by the way, it reminded me that you may someday be a lawyer.  lol
If you need anything let me know.

Peace,
Rachy

I am currently in the process of writing out a lonnnnnng PM to you :)
So expect it within the next few days.

Here is another two drawings I recently had drawn:

Yin and Yang, however Yinyang was taken.

06 is the year in which I made the character.

Hence Yingyang06

Quote from: Kung_Man149 on November 14, 2013, 02:11:14 AM

Quote from: Rachellove9 on November 14, 2013, 02:04:29 AM
I'm not sure of your mishap, but I think Owen is the one you have to talk to.
He was the one that had made the judgement call on this as far as I know.

Good luck,
Rachy

That's why I posted here, Rachy.
Since he rarely answers me over irc.

Owen rarely answers on IRC to anyone.
Your best bet is to either personal message him on the forums or try catch him in game.

Both you and V are dripping with good looks in that cosplay, and dammmmmn that sandwich lady!

I also agree that the fact you were included twice shows you have the best cosplay :P

Quote from: Al on November 13, 2013, 11:13:28 PM
Ah ok! Gradually come back to the community den. :)

Good luck finding that teaching job. Owen also just got a teaching job too, once you get some grounding with the job I think it's doable. Looking forward to it m8, the SG memberlist is growing and can use dat +1.

It's difficult finding a teaching job this time of year due to the college terms already starting. I will however not give up and once I am more stable we will go from there.

Quote from: Panda|Vulcan on November 13, 2013, 10:50:16 PM
<3 Simon

Panda!  <3

Quote from: Starzhine on November 13, 2013, 10:35:34 PM
Please don't let what happened to you stop you from being the warm hearted and loving person that I know you to be. It would be a real tragedy if that happened for I would miss your friendly wonderful hugs and gallant manners. You are a true gentleman. Please stay that way, don't let a few cynical, petty and jealous individuals take it out of you.

BFF Kristy <3

Of course I will not stopping being the person who some people have come to enjoy being around, and of course my hugs are yours  <3
It's just a shame that people have to cause problems for others where there is no need.
It is of course however good that I can get some of this off my chest and I am sure that my apologize are warranted.

Quote from: Al on November 13, 2013, 10:38:39 PM
Hey broe welcome back! And I don't think you exactly just disappeared, we knew what you were up to and anyone could tell you probably went inactive because you were posting about your PGCE.

You can always join SG and use the citadel, weekly Tears of Guthix (5 minute event), or other short events to meet activity requirements, it's not too strict. As long as you're being a part of the community still and using the IRC/forums at least somewhat. :) But in the case you're not ready to go back to the game at all yet, I guess figure out what you wanna do in-game?

Hey Al, I would certainly liked to gradually get back into the community but due to real life requirements I am unable to at this moment in time. I have always been a skiller at heart and if I do mean to come back it will be as one.

Quote from: Mojohaza1 on November 13, 2013, 10:34:59 PM
Hi :)

Hey Mojo, Once again I apologize for not living up to the expectations of the clan. I understand as someone who vouched for me when I graduated to full member you may of been upset with the way I left things.

Quote from: Patty on November 13, 2013, 10:37:01 PM
Helo :) <3 welcome back to hotel WG

Edited :P

Quote from: Ts Stormrage on November 13, 2013, 10:23:12 PM
Welcome back dude;

So which game will you be playing... RS2 or RS3?

Unfortunately neither atm, Not until I no for sure I can keep up with the clan I'm afraid. However if by chance I do come back, I may try RS3.

To Whom it may concern,

As many of you may already know I rejoined WG back when 07scape came back, where I made new friends both new and old.
However as you may also recall I disappeared off the face of the earth for around a few months.

This topic will therefore serve as both an apology and the reasons for why I disappeared, however some of the reasons may seem light in some cases where others may take them seriously and opinions may change (Which I am hoping do not).

Firstly I would therefore like to apologize and say sorry to everyone who allowed me into this wonderful clan, I understand I left without a word and this no doubt caused some kind of bad opinion towards me. It was never my intention to break any trust or previous engagements I had with the clan. I thoroughly enjoy both the clan and it's members, including many of the events and the administration it takes to run such an old yet ever growing clan. Therefore I would personally like to apologize to the Admins of the clan who put their faith in me who are Rachel, Gene, Starz, Mojo, Vio, Kyle and Owen.

I would also like to apologize for disappearing without a word to other friends I have made within the clan who I shall not name as I am sure those who see my as a friend know who they are, and those who do not I also apologize for not living up to expectations.

Therefore without further delay here are the reasons why I disappeared from the face of the earth (Please be aware that I have left a few out due to being personal matters):

1. As many of you may already know, when I first applied to the clan I was studying my PGCE, this took up most of my time as fear I would fail kept creeping up into my head. During the course and over the months I was gone this was made worse by other members on the University course who were a good 5 - 6 years older than me reported me for 'Sexual Misconduct', now people are probably getting the wrong idea so I will clarify that I was reported for hugging a class member (who I am in no way physically or mentally attracted too) and was later found out to be incorrect, the second was messaging a colleague and adding 'Sweetheart' at the end of the text (It is a friendly gesture from where I am from). It was later found out that these so called 'work colleagues' felt threatened by me and my achievements, I was the youngest person on the course with the relevant experience and qualifications needed to further my life.

2. As some of you from a long while back may know, I have an older brother who over the last couple of months has become what I like to deem him as a 'W***er', I have barely had time to myself as it is but this was made worse by his constant remarks and his behavior towards me resulting in never wanting to be home, some may think is petty, and frankly it was, some may also think this is not something to disappear over but I'm sure if you were in my shoes you would want to stay away as well.

I understand these are only a minority of the causes for my disappearance due to other personal matters I am not at liberty to discuss, which I am sorry I cannot enlighten you with.

Once again I apologize for everything and I am sorry I have been unable to live up to expectations required by a few members.

Unfortunately however, this does not mean I will be coming back to RuneScape anytime soon as I am also currently in the process of finding a teaching job within a college teaching Public Services to 16 - 18 year olds. I will however keep active in IRC and on the Forums in order to keep up to date with whats happening.

I understand a few will think differently of me and there is nothing I can do to change that.

Many Regards,

Simon.

On another note, here is a drawing I have been doing recently (Shiro from Deadman Wonderland):

My Spidey-sense is tingling!

Quote from: Mami Tomoei on November 13, 2013, 03:21:57 AM
Glad to have more people talking about anime =D

1. holy hell thats 1 hell of a post.

2. How is Golden time? I got put off within 3 mins cuz the girl looked like a dude. =s or something like that

3. Your colors blind me

4. About Macross Frontier, I really enjoyed the series, up until the end when they were wrapping it up. I felt like it was either a rushed ending, or one which wasnt that well thought of. <3 Sheryl Nome to hell and back!

note: I didnt watch the movies, as I generally do not, as many anime movies are just rehashed content from the series

I've always been known in WG to talk about Anime, especially conversations in IRC in the past.

Golden Time is very good if you get passed the 1st episode, I am now on episode 6 and it's getting alot more interesting.
I love Colours!
Macross Frontier is indeed a really enjoyable anime, the movies on the other hand only use a 'small' portion of series content, the rest is new content. I personally love the songs and the whole Sheyl/Ranka relationship. I do however agree the ending was rushed.

Quote from: Tayzon_Day on October 31, 2013, 03:23:19 PM
30 ANIMES HYPE!

Just noticed that Attack on titan was my 30th anime completed (if u don't count Bleach, watched about 100eps of it).

I wonder how long it will take to reach 50.

Not to boost but you need to catch up to my 100 series completed :P

Here is a list of what I've been watching lately:

- Infinite Stratos 2 (Thursdays 8:00pm GMT)
- Freezing Vibration (Fridays 7:00pm GMT)
- Golden Time (Thursdays 8:30pm GMT)
- Outbreak Company (Sundays 5:30pm GMT)
- Strike the Blood (Fridays 7:00pm GMT)
- Yuushibu (Fridays 7:00pm GMT)
- Sekai de Ichiban Tsuyoku Naritai! (Sundays 1:30pm GMT) - WARNING: Lots of Pantsu shots.
- White Album 2 (Saturdays 7:00pm GMT)
- Walkure Romanze (Sundays 5:30pm GMT)
- Arpeggio of Blue Steel - Ars Nova (Mondays 8:25pm GMT)
- Nagi no Asukara (Thursdays 4:00pm GMT)
- Kyoukai no Kanata (Every Wednesday)

I normally stream from Crunchyroll but you can download them via Torrent from http://www.nyaa.se/ as soon as they are uploaded straight to Crunchyroll.

There are also a few other Animes I recommend you watch if you have the time (They are my Top 10):

1. Ah! My Goddess
2. Clannad & Clannad: After Story
3. Black Lagoon
4. Ghost in the Shell
5. Ghost Hunt
6. Full Metal Panic!
7. K-On!
8. Sakurasou no Pet na Kanojo
9. Highschool of the Dead
10. Macross Frontier



Keiichi Morisato is looking forward to university life. But in reality, he has no luck in anything, and he has trouble with clubs, love, etc. The truth is that he has an unlucky star above his head. One day, Keiichi is stuck watching the dorm while his sempai are away, and has a mountain of chores to do to boot. But Keiichi is a good-natured person, and is set about doing his duties. As he is about to finish his final chore, he makes a phone call to his sempai. But the words that came through the receiver are, 'Goddess Help Line.' Shortly afterwards, a beautiful goddess named Belldandy appears in front of him from the mirror of his room.



Clannad's story revolves around Tomoya Okazaki, a third year high school student who dislikes his life. Tomoya's mother (Atsuko) died when Tomoya was young, leaving his father (Naoyuki) to raise him. The story opens when Tomoya meets by chance Nagisa Furukawa, a soft-spoken girl one year older than he is who is repeating her last year in high school due to being sick much of the previous year. Her goal is to join the drama club which she was unable to do due to her sickness, but they find that the drama club was disbanded after the few remaining members graduated. Since Tomoya has a lot of time to kill, he starts to help Nagisa in reforming the drama club. During this period, Tomoya meets and hangs out with several other girls who he gets to know well and help with their individual problems.

In the second part of Clannad labelled 'Clannad: After Story', Tomoya and Nagisa start living together and get married. Tomoya has to endure several hardships that the family has been suffering from, mainly involving Nagisa's illness



Black Lagoon follows a team of pirates/mercenaries known as Lagoon Company, that smuggles goods in and around the seas of Southeast Asia in the early to mid 1990s. Their base of operations is located in the fictional harbor city of Roanapur in southeast Thailand (somewhere in the Amphoe Mueang Trat district, likely on the mainland north/northeast of the Ko Chang island or on the island itself). They transport goods in the 80-foot (24 m) Elco-type PT boat Black Lagoon. Lagoon Company does business with various clients, but has a particularly friendly relationship with the Russian crime syndicate Hotel Moscow. The team takes on a variety of missions—which may involve violent firefights, hand-to-hand combat, and nautical battles—in various Southeast Asian locations, even going as far as Phu Quoc island of Vietnam and when not doing much, the members of the Lagoon Company spend much of their down time at The Yellow Flag, a bar in Roanapur which is often destroyed in firefights. There is also a 2nd season labelled 'Black Lagoon: Second Barrage'.



Ghost in the Shell takes place in the year 2030, where many people have become cyborgs with prosthetic bodies. Primarily set in the fictional Japanese city of Niihama, Niihama Prefecture, the series follows the members of Public Security Section 9, a special-operations task-force made up of former military officers and police detectives, while the group investigates various crimes, both seasons feature ongoing investigations into two incidents that embroil the group in corruption within other branches of the Japanese government.

The first season of Stand Alone Complex focuses on the Laughing Man incident, wherein a hacker ultimately reveals to the Major that he had discovered that several micromachine manufacturing corporations in association with the Japanese government suppressed information on an inexpensive cure to a debilitating cyberization disease in order to profit from the more expensive micromachine treatment. He abducted one of the owners of the company and attempted to force him to reveal the truth on live television, resulting in the hacker live-hacking everyone's vision and cameras at the event to cover his face with the stylized laughing face that became synonymous with his image. His popularity spawned several genuine imitators, resulting in the series' titular Stand Alone Complex. When Section 9 discovers that these companies and several Japanese politicians later used the Laughing Man's image to garner public support and profit, they begin a campaign to disseminate the truth, ultimately leading to the Cabinet labeling them as domestic terrorists and forcibly disbanding them, resulting in the capture of several members and the apparent death of Motoko Kusanagi. However, it is all a ruse to deceive the government, and the very alive and well members of Section 9 regroup to bring the micromachine corporations and corrupt politicians to justice, resulting in the dissolution of the current Japanese government.

The second season, 2nd GIG, set two years after the events of the first season, explores the political and social ramifications of the two world wars that took place prior to the events of the series. At the time of the Third and the Fourth World Wars, about three million Asians became refugees and were invited into Japan as a source of cheap labor. These "invited refugees", based on the reclaimed island of Dejima, soon became unemployed in the post-war period, and their social unrest borders on outright war. Section 9's involvement in the refugee issue begins after they successfully stop a hostage crisis caused by a terrorist group known as the Individual Eleven, after which newly elected Prime Minister Yoko Kayabuki officially reinstates the organization. The group seems to be modeling themselves after the May 15 Incident, where a group of naval officers assassinated the Prime Minister and then gained the support of the public, and hope to stir up the refugees' spirits by fighting for them against the Japanese government. The group also comes into contact with Kazundo Goda, head of the Cabinet Intelligence Service, who gets assistance from the group in defusing several instances between the refugees as well as assisting him in transporting plutonium through Dejima, result in several failures and refugee deaths, further straining relations. Section 9 ultimately discovers that Goda has been manipulating both events behind the scenes, leaking the social virus that creates the Individual Eleven ideology and creating a new Stand Alone Complex, as well as the intentional failures with the refugees. However, he cannot account for the charismatic Hideo Kuze who genuinely believes in the best for the refugees and helps rally for their independence from Japan. Throughout the investigation, Kusanagi discovers she may know Kuze from her childhood, and ultimately, Goda is found guilty of his part in the refugee incidents and killed before he can defect to the American Empire, but not before his ministrations also result in the death of Kuze.

In order they are:

- Ghost in the Shell (Movie)
- Ghost in the Shell 2.0 (Movie)
- Ghost in the Shell - Innocence (Movie)
- Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex (Series)
- Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - 2nd GIG (Series)
- Ghost in the Shell - Solid State Society (Movie)

A mini series of films was also released called 'Ghost in the Shell: Arise', with the most recent being called Ghost Pain, which was released June 22, 2013. The 2nd part called Ghost Whispers is planned to be released on November 30, 2013.

http://kotaku.com/the-first-film-of-ghost-in-the-shell-arise-is-true-to-568174103



Ghost Hunt follows the ghost hunting adventures of Mai Taniyama, a first-year high school student who becomes involved with the Shibuya Psychic Research center (SPR) and its young manager, Kazuya Shibuya. Mai nicknames Kazuya Shibuya "Naru" because of his narcissistic (narushisuto) attitude, and the nickname is generally adopted by all those who come to eventually work with SPR: Buddhist monk Houshou Takigawa; shrine maiden Ayako Matsuzaki; celebrity teen psychic Masako Hara; and Catholic priest John Brown.

Ghost Hunt also explores the paranormal abilities of the characters, particularly focusing on Mai's "latent psychic abilities," demonstrated by her dreaming about information relevant to their cases. She is often joined in her dreams by someone whom she assumes to be Naru, who acts as a spirit guide, but who is later revealed to be someone quite unexpected.



Full Metal Panic! follows Sousuke Sagara, a member of a covert anti-terrorist private military organization known as Mithril, tasked with protecting Kaname Chidori, a spirited Japanese high school girl. He moves to Japan to study at Chidori's school, Jindai High School, with assistance from his comrades Kurz Weber and Melissa Mao. Having never experienced social interactions, Sousuke is found as a military maniac by his schoolmates as he interprets everyday situations from a combat perspective. He comes to relate with Chidori who realizes that Sousuke is protecting her, but he does not reveal the reasons due to orders as well as the fact he does not know why Chidori is being targeted by different organizations.

Full Metal Panic? Fumoffu is a companion series to the anime series Full Metal Panic! It takes place between the first season and The Second Raid. Markedly different in tone to the first series, Fumoffu emphasizes the high school romantic comedy aspects of Full Metal Panic! with often crude humor and focuses on the romantic tension between Sousuke Sagara and Kaname Chidori. It frequently parodies itself and anime stereotypes. None of the mecha combat or political intrigue, which characterized much of the original Full Metal Panic!, can be seen in the series. The only reference to the mecha aspect of Full Metal Panic! is the Bonta-kun, which is one of the most prominent parodies in the anime. Sousuke uses spare Bonta-kun costumes to make highly effective suits of power armor, but they look like teddy bears wearing army gear and can only say: "Fu" and "Mo" in different combinations.

Full Metal Panic! The Second Raid is the direct sequel to the original anime series. It takes place three months after the events that occurred in the Tuatha de Danaan at the end of the original Full Metal Panic! series. Mithril learns of a secret organization that has technology able to counter the ECS (Electronic Conceal System) mode. The organization, known as Amalgam, has access to Black Technology, which was obtained from the Whispered. Like the other intelligence agencies, Amalgam intends to obtain more. Sousuke's mission to protect Chidori is terminated by Mithril, instead leaving her in the care of an anonymous agent known as Wraith.



In K-On!, four Japanese high school girls join Sakuragaoka Girl's High School's light music club to try to save it from being disbanded. However, they are the only members of the club. At first, Yui Hirasawa has no experience playing musical instruments or reading sheet music as she is only familiar with playing the castanets, but she eventually becomes an excellent guitar player. From then on, Yui, along with bassist Mio Akiyama, drummer Ritsu Tainaka, and keyboardist Tsumugi Kotobuki spend their school days practicing, performing, and hanging out together. The club is overseen by music teacher Sawako Yamanaka, who eventually becomes their homeroom teacher as well during their final year of high school. In their second year, the club welcomes another guitarist, underclassman Azusa Nakano. After Azusa joins they gain more structure and begin to practice more. This series consists of two seasons called K-On! and K-On!!, a movie was also released following the girls trip to London.



Sakurasou no Pet na Kanojo take place in Sakura Dormitory, a dorm of the high school affiliated with Suimei University of the Arts (often shortened as Suiko), which hosts the strangest, most trouble-making students. After being kicked out of the normal dorm for keeping a stray cat, Sorata Kanda moves into Sakura Dormitory. As he starts to get used to the life in the dorm, Mashiro Shiina, a world famous artist who cannot even take care of her daily life, moves in. Sorata is forced to become Mashiro's handler. The story is about their daily lives as well as mental growth.



Highschool of the Dead is set in present day 2010 Japan, beginning as the world is struck by a deadly pandemic that turns humans into zombies, euphemistically referred to by the main characters as "Them".
The story follows a group of high school students, the school's nurse, and a young girl as they fight their way to safety through the deadly streets of Japan during the worldwide catastrophic event known as the "Outbreak". As the cast tries to survive the zombie apocalypse, they must also face the additional threats of societal collapse, in the form of dangerous fellow survivors, and the possible decay of their own moral codes.



The story of Macross Frontier is set in the year 2059, 47 years after the original Super Dimension Fortress Macross, 19 years after Macross Plus and 14 years after the story of Macross 7. The series features the 25th New Macross-class Colonial Fleet, dubbed the Macross Frontier, en route to the galactic center. This heavily populated interstellar fleet (consisting of numerous civilian vessels and their military escorts) contains a makeup of both human occupants and their Zentradi allies. As such, many of the Macross Frontier's companion vessels appear to merge more metallic Human designs with organic Zentradi aesthetics. Macross Frontier's plot explores a combination of action/political intrigue/space drama more than previous Macross series have done in the past.

As the series begins, during a mission to an unexplored asteroid belt a reconnaissance New U.N. Spacy (N.U.N.S.) VF-171 is destroyed by extremely powerful and fast insectoid biomechanical alien mecha known as the "Vajra", which immediately begin their attack on the rest of the fleet. Unable to stop the new enemy threat, the N.U.N.S. Colonial Defense Forces authorizes the deployment of a Private Military Provider organization called S.M.S. (Strategic Military Services) which utilizes the new VF-25 Messiah variable fighter to combat the alien menace. Like other installments of the Macross universe, the story mainly revolves around a trio of characters, including Alto Saotome, a young pilot who joins the S.M.S just after the invasion begins, Sheryl Nome, a famous singer known as the "Galactic Fairy" and Ranka Lee, a teenager aspiring to be a singer herself, that form a love triangle.

Two movies were also released called: Macross Frontier The Movie: The False Songstress & Macross Frontier The Movie: The Wings of Goodbye.

Those Cosplays could kill a man!

Big brain

Nope,

Flames!

If you want a creepy messed up anime worse than Elfen Lied watch 'Higurashi no Naku Koro ni'

http://youtu.be/OMsNA0lG3qk

Clannad and Clannad: After Story are really good anime's if you want an emotional drama to watch.

Quote from: Vio on May 07, 2013, 10:45:40 AM
Haven't watched any series, it's mostly films from me. Vampire Hunter D, Ghost in the Shell, and pretty much everything by Studio Ghibli.

Ghost in the Shell has a series and makes the movies more easier to understand.
On another note, i watch plenty of Anime as it has a better story line than most real TV shows.
It's not often i talk about anime but if someone starts a discussion i am more than happy to join in.

Just to show how much i am a Freak to This Babylon here is a few pictures:

Attached you will find my 2TB External Hard-Drive.

My DvD Collection:

[spoiler][/spoiler]

Quote from: Rachellove9 on May 06, 2013, 07:16:28 PM
12 baby trains of tribes to populate and explosion of the world . . .

Hi Simon  =)

I better get 'training' with you then ;)

Quote from: X Warrior170 on May 06, 2013, 03:16:29 AM
WHO'S DA PAPA MISS

Me!  :@

So over the last few days i've been thinking about sharing my dissertation, i believe some members will find this paper interesting as it was a project i did for my BSc (Hons) Crime & Policing course. In no way am i anti-american, i simply found this topic interesting.

So please enjoy :)



Abstract

This Dissertation gives a justification of the subject of how Hypocrisy plays an important part in International Terrorism. The writer choose this subject for the paper due to their own personal interest, therefore wanted to expand their knowledge of the subject as well as how it affected family, friends, neighbours and also looking further at how the subject would affect the country and the world.

In order to put across the knowledge gained by writing this paper the writer used a variety of research techniques ranging from the use of books to better their knowledge as well as looking into the views of others. The research of the paper found that many governments and individuals were against the use of terrorist tactics to control, however there were a few individuals and governments who thought it was justified to use terrorist tactics in order to control a specific population by fighting terror with terror.

It was found through the course of this paper that governments tend to focus on their own citizens rather than those foreigners who are left with mental and physicals scars due to military action, therefore the writer believes as a result of their study recommendations should be made to better enhance other readers knowledge.

Introduction

Over the centuries it has become increasingly difficult to ignore terrorism and the Hypocrisy surrounding such a bloody and awful crime. Central to the understanding of terrorism it is important to first fully understand what terrorism means. Over the past century there has been a drastic increase of terrorism used not only by terrorists themselves but governments too in order to control their own country or other countries; however these rapid changed are having a serious effect on how the public perceive terrorism, it can also be said that to date there has been little agreement on whether or not governments are hypocritical when talking about terrorism when they themselves use or support it. So far however research has tended to focus on terrorism committed by terrorists rather than governments themselves.

This paper will seek to remedy problems relating to hypocrisy and terrorism by analysing the use of terrorism and when it has been used. This paper attempts to show that it is hypocritical for governments to talk about fighting terrorism when they use terrorist tactics themselves. Due to word constraint this paper has been divided into 8 parts with an overview to each section because of terrorism being a large area to discuss.
This paper begins by explaining what is meant when we hear the word terrorism, it will then go onto explain how we can fight terrorism with the use of counter-terrorism measures, after discussing counter terrorism it will then go on to explain in detail human rights which is a very important subject when speaking about terrorism as terrorism breaches our human rights. The fourth part of this paper will discuss the differences between Domestic and Foreign Terrorism while the fifth part will explain in detail what State Terrorism is and when it is most likely to be used. Following on from State Terror the sixth part of the paper will explain in detail the Hypocrisy surrounding terrorism as well as whether or not governments have the right to talk about terrorism, the seventh part of the paper will describe in detail the horrific use of terror by the American's in Fallujah then finally finished off with the eight part explaining how governments and terrorists use media to better their goals.

What is Terrorism?

As stated by the American Red Cross (2012) Terrorism is classed as the use of force or violence against either people or property for the purpose of either causing intimidation or show of authority. It can therefore be said that terrorists use violence or the use of threats in order to create fear among the public or in order to convince the public that their government has lost their power to combat terrorism. Such threats include assassinations, kidnappings, airline hijacking, bomb scares, car bombings, explosive making, using the mail for passing dangerous materials, cyber-terrorism, agricultural terrorism and the use of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons. Terrorism can be classed as both domestic and foreign each with its own meaning, domestic meaning terrorism committed in their own country against their own people and foreign meaning terrorism against other countries.

As seen by Crenshaw in Kegley, Jr. (2003, p.96) there are many different reasons for terrorism, although it can be said they all come back to political choices. Terrorism does not however have to be limited to one specific belief as many can be revolutionaries, nationalists fighting to keep foreign occupiers away or separatists fighting against a foreign system. The aim of terrorism is to create compassion or to create fear in an audience they deem the enemy. In addition the aim of terrorism is to push a government to use extreme means in retaliation in order to increase publicity of a terrorist cause. It can therefore be agreed with Crenshaw that terrorism can be seen as the most logical choice when the opponents are also using extreme measures, terrorism however is not a weapon used by the weak but by those who lack other means to fight back.

According to Primoratz (2004, p.xi) however, terrorism also contains a less obvious double standard, relating to the accusation that insurgents who resort to violence are resorting to acts of terrorism, however it can be argued that if we take a closer look at the types of violence they use, their victims and the notion of not wanting to talk about terrorism it creates a double standard of 'the state versus non-state agents' resulting in the assumption that terrorism is something done by the insurgents, never by the state but this can be proven wrong by looking into examples of state sponsored terrorism, for example the Chinese Cultural Revolution. According to Coady within Primoratz (2004, p.3) in order to define terrorism it is important to understand what terrorism is and is there anything wrong with it. Many debates have been undertaken to find an understanding about terrorism, however there can be seen to be a large radical confusion about what is and will be discussed. Coady also explains how terrorism is best defined as the organised use of violence to attack the innocent or their properties for political purposes.

Counter Terrorism

When looking into terrorism it is important to face the threats of terrorism head on by indulging into the types of groups involved with terrorist activities such as the Taliban and Al-Qaida. Also as stated by the Home Office (2012) there are five threat levels which are low meaning a threat is unlikely, moderate meaning an attack is possible but not likely, substantial meaning there is a strong chance a terrorist act may happen, severe meaning a threat is highly likely and critical meaning an act should be highly expected. However within the United Kingdom the threat level is substantial meaning a treat is highly possible and has been so since 9/11. However Homeland Security which is situated in America have different levels of threat ranging from low (green), Guarded (Blue), Elevated (Yellow), High (Orange) and Severe (Red) known as the Homeland Security Advisory System.

As seen in the Home Office (2012) the Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism also known as OSCT for short hold most of the accountability in providing counter-terrorist strategies within the United Kingdom by comparing data with other agencies and departments. Newburn (2008, p.563) also states the government has an anti-terrorist strategy labelled CONTEST consisting of four different principles which are to prepare for acts of terrorism by political, economic, social and technological means, to prevent any acts of terrorism, to protect the United Kingdom from attacks by strengthening buildings in order to reduce the chance of a terrorist act happening and to pursue terrorists in order to prosecute them in front of a court of law which closely ties to the Counter-Terrorism Act 2008.

According to the Home Office (2012) upon an emergency and once CONTEST is in play the government will respond by providing 7 different areas of support which include directions, the coordination with other emergency services and the public, providing more man power, providing anti-terrorist expertise, proving specialised equipment to combat terrorism, providing advice about terrorism to the public or to other services and providing financial support, However it can be seen that the Northern Ireland use different arrangements such as taking the lead when it comes to terrorism and only asking the United Kingdom government for support if needed. Upon the 7 areas of support issued via CONTEST there are also according to Newburn (2008, p.567-573) another 2 areas which are looked into in order to fully understand Counter-terrorism, these are:

•Intelligence – The seeking of threats of terrorism in order to prevent potential terrorist attacks and to shed light on terrorist operations. It can be argued by Newburn (2008, p.567) that intelligence is never seen as either 'black' or 'white' but can be seen in different shades of grey meaning the intelligence gained is not often definite but is always taken into account. It can also be said that due to the intelligence being rarely certain there is a lot of room for error, there are three different errors which can be described by the collection, transmission and application of the intelligence gathered.


When looking into how counter-terrorism works we can look into recent topics which have a high demand of combat a terrorist threat, the most recent being the 2012 Olympic games being held in the United Kingdom. According to the Home Office (2012) five different publications have been released explaining potential threats and how to combat them, these are a special police unit to be tasked with following and safe guarding the Olympic torch and it's runner, a major exercise spanning over 2 days to be held in order to test the government and public service response towards a terrorist threat, a re-draft of the stop and search code of practice when dealing with counter terrorism, the banning of any tents and other camping equipment near Olympic areas and providing advice on how to protect crowded places against terrorist attacks. It can also however be said that even though counter terrorism practices have played a considerable roll in combating terrorism it also comes with its costs as seen by Donohue (2008).

According to Donohue (2008, p.25) when dealing with the political, social and economic costs of counterterrorist law tension may rise between the population and the state while playing into the hands of terrorists in alienating state or foreign allies and interrupt activities relating to trade. One such example of the costs of counter-terrorism is the use of counterterrorist powers such as the breach of privacy, the concern of privacy is not only academic but also the concern of militias who over history have fought to prevent unjust interference in the daily lives of the American citizen. While there are many other problems with counter-terrorism the main cost is the possible alienation of ethnic or religious groups resulting in many of the ethnic or religious groups supporting terrorism. Two of the main political costs of counter-terrorism are the money cost which is needed for training the emergency services on counter-terrorist measures and the time it takes to train and the time it takes for new legislation to be created and passed through parliament.

Human Rights

Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms which belong to everyone in the world, over the centuries the idea of human rights has evolved but did not achieve a strong international support until the Holocaust and World War II. The main aim of any human rights is to protect future generations from such horrors happening again resulting in the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations in 1948 while the core principles of any human right is dignity, equality and respect which was inspired in previous years by international and district settlements such as the 1950 European Convention of Human Rights, which aimed to protect the human rights of those who live in countries forming the European Union such as the United Kingdom who if they thought their human rights had been breached could complain to the European Court of Human Rights which is based in Strasbourg, Germany, however it wasn't until the release of the Human Rights Act 1998 that human rights was part of domestic law or could be heard in United Kingdom Courts.

Human rights reflect on everyday life and protect the freedom to control our own life and enabling fair and equal services from public authorities and emergency services. According to the Equality and Human Rights Commission (2012) your human rights are protected by being safe and protected from harm whether physical or mental which can include living in fear of neighbours, strangers or your own family members. It can be said that your human rights should not be taken away unless the government has good reason too especially the right to move around freely unless in relation to terrorism such as the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 which explains a person can be held for 96 hours before charge or release, however if suspected of indulging or supporting terrorism can be held for up to 28 days without charge or release and the supporting of terrorism being treat fairly and with dignity and living your life the way you wish too are also part of a citizens human rights.

As stated by the Equality and Human Rights Commission (2012) the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA) passed through the United Kingdom Parliament in 2000 and includes 15 fundamental human rights, which any public authority such as the police and courts or any other authority which carries out public functions must comply with the Human Rights Act 1998. There are 15 fundamental Human Rights as stated by the Equality and Human Rights Commission (2012) but only 9 of these Rights are relevant to terrorism, these are as follows;


However as stated by Wilson (2005, p.1) after 9/11 and the 'war on terror' which followed it can be said that human rights have lost status in their international affairs. As seen by most of the United States responses to Islamic terrorism due to military presence in both Afghanistan and Iraq. It can be said that human rights will always be a component of politics held by liberal democrats in response to emergency situations, such politics discussed by the liberal democrats have always sat upon the importance of the rights of the individual and the execution of power by the judicial system. The war on Iraq however was different in relation to a breach in human rights as it was more of a pre-emptive strike more than it was in self-defence as the United States originally based their assumptions upon Saddam Hussein's so called possession of weapons of mass destruction. Saddam Hussein was known for his record of breaching human rights especially against the Kurds in 1988 and the aftermath of the 1991 Gulf War as stated by Wilson (2006, p.11), However human rights breached by Saddam Hussein was not under significant discussion until after the United States and United Kingdom forces invaded.

According to Robertson (2005, p.169) it can be stated that a trial for anyone suspected as a terrorist cannot be fair by any meaning. In the United Kingdom terrorists have always been tried and prosecuted unfairly, however it can be said that at least terrorists have been tried in a court of law. One of the systems which does not seem to have a good record of trying alleged terrorists is that of the Anglo-American system, it therefor important to re-establish a minority of a person's rights such as a trial by jury, but whatever the case it important to try a suspected terrorist fairly as to not spark an international argument on the breach of humans rights. Over the centuries the United States and the United Kingdom have had many different trials relating to terrorism such as the Guy Fawkes trial famous to the United Kingdom, However many of terrorism trials have been shared between both countries such as the Saddam Hussein trial and the Abu Hamza trial.

As stated by Hicks (2005, p.209) many Human Rights activists in many different parts of the world have always in some way shared a common sense of alarm when it comes to the challenges about the global threat of terrorism, before the attacks on the world trade centre's on September 11th, 2001 human rights activists believed the standard of human rights to be appropriate. Pre 9/11 human rights saw many obstacles in relation to the protection of a person's human rights especially when security was in question and that the right to peace and security is one of the main fundamental columns which hold up the human rights system.

It can be agreed with Wilson (2005, p.10) that over the centuries human rights activists have become more and more supportive of protecting a terrorists human rights and less about the threats terrorists have towards national security, however it can be argued that if everyone has the right to life which is taken away from a person then the terrorist whom committed the act should also lose their right to life.

Pre 9/11 saw many discussions forming about counter-terrorism measures with many human rights activists also voicing their opinions about an effective response to terrorism, however it can be said that human rights activists and leaders seek a form of counter-terrorism which does not create contradictions between counter-terrorism measures and human rights, resulting in counter production when this does happen. Over the years however governments have also tried to silence human rights activists by controlling their freedom of expression, association and movement.

Domestic & Foreign Terrorism

There are two main types of terrorism in the world, each with its own meaning and its own aim, which are domestic and foreign (international) terrorism. Domestic terrorism is known as violence towards a civilian population, however not always done by person's relating to the nation but is used to intimidate or influence a national policy. Such examples include as stated by the Anti-Defamation League (2005) the Oklahoma City Bombing in 1995 which killed 168 and injuring many more. Foreign terrorism on the other hand is violence committed by a foreign person towards a foreign country such as the September 11th, 2001 World Trade Centre terrorist attack.

It was on the 11th September 2001 that Airlines Flight 11 as stated by the BBC (2012) flying from Boston crashed between the 95th and 103rd floors of the north trade tower at 12:46pm Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) cutting off the escape route for those about the 105th floor and instantly killing those who worked on the 106th floor. 17 minutes later at 1:03pm GMT emergency services arrived at the scene to help workers escape, it was also at this time that Airlines Flight 175 crashed into the south tower causing a large explosion which burst out of the other side of the building.

Some of the workers who had saw the first crash had begun to leave the building previous to the second airplane crashing into the south tower, however once the plane had hit the south tower those above the flames jumped to their death rather than waiting for the flames to reach them and burning to death.

At 2:59pm GMT the south tower collapsed crushing the countless workers, police officers and fire fighters who were trying to escape the tower taking only 10 seconds to collapse, then at 3:28pm GMT roughly half an hour later the north tower also collapsed also crushing the countless left inside or trying to escape. People on the streets were seen running for their lives as clouds of debris and dust engulfed everything around coating the city in a shade of grey.

More than 5,000 people were declared missing on September 11th, 2001 and only five survivors were found in the first 24 hours after the collapse of the towers. Shortly after the collapse of the Twin Towers the place where both towers once stood became known as ground zero, according to the BBC (2006) five years on from the collapse of the towers plans have been made to create a skyscraper which is to be called Freedom Tower (also known as the One World Trade Centre) which is still currently under construction and Is to represent all those who lost their lives during 9/11 and is to symbolise Freedom.

State Terrorism

As stated by Barker (2008, p.63) state terrorism has always had an ancient history involving wars on civilizations, one of the first examples of state terrorism is the deliberate north American small-pox incident where countless north American Indians were given small pox. It can be said that whether a nation is coping with internal opposition or protecting power abroad state terrorism has always been chosen as an action. Over the centuries there have been countless examples of state terrorism ranging from Nazi Germany to Mao Tse-tung and the Cultural Revolution, in order for these regimes to work special police were recruited in order to pursue and ruthlessly punish those who were seen as unworthy or unreliable. These special police forces were known to kill many of their citizens and used terrorism as a means to control the actions and thoughts of other citizens.

These special police forces were successful for many years in eliminating those who might have organized an opposition to their leader. The Nazi's for examples as stated by Barker (2008, p.67) took control of many of the newspapers, schools and other media outlets, however after several months the use of terror began to become routine in the everyday life of a Germany citizen, however even though the use of brutal violence began to stop terrorism, extermination and war still continued resulting in the formation of what was to be known as the Third Reich. Stalin on the other hand was seen to use terrorism as a means of control a long while before Hitler did in Germany, Stalin used forced labour, arrests and torture as a means to control his own country, while in these forced labour camps millions died from starvation or execution.

At the beginning of 1966 Mao Tse-tung became the next person who would use state terror to control his people, with the help of his Red Guards he started to purge his political enemies while others Mao saw as an opponent were sent to prisons or sent to work as forced labour resulting in many either committing suicide or suffering from mental breakdowns. In 1967 Mao began to purge and criticize China's governmental leaders, Mao told the population that the only way to avoid getting purged was to not get involved with any political motion. Mao was also known for sending those he found intellectual into rural areas to be re-educated alongside peasants, however this resulted in the deaths of hundreds of intellectuals from disease and over work resulting in the disbandment of the Red Guards in 1969 and then in 1971 the Cultural Revolution came to an end.

Hypocrisy

In order to fully understand what terrorism means to different cultures it is important to understand the Hypocrisy of it all. As seen by Unger (2009) Americans are fighting a War on Terror when they could be fighting a War on Error, many American's are seen to be killed more due to medical errors than that of terrorism, it can be clearly seen that if American's were to face their attention more to the War on Error many more lives would be saved, the War on Terror however seems to be causing more deaths resulting in the notion that fighting terror with terror only increases the death toll.

As stated by Fatima Bhutto (America's Moral Hypocrisy on Terrorism, 2011) President Obama's speech after Bin Laden's announced death was seen as something George Bush Junior would say but with a better choice and the use of words. President Obama then leads onto praise those American's who had lost loved ones and family members to terrorism, however he seems to mention nothing about the Pakistani orphans who had been left without loved ones or parents, since Obama came into office close to 2000 Pakistani's had been killed in drone strikes under  taken by the United States military, with a large number being civilians which to American's have no face or name.

President Obama references Bin Laden as being a mass murder of Muslims; however he did not mention the hundreds and thousands of Muslim deaths during the American invasion of Iraq. It can also be said that Iraq never had any affiliation with Al Qaeda or Osama Bin Laden until European and American soldiers set foot onto Iraqi soil. As stated by Unger (2009) a terrorist is defined as anyone who practices terrorism, therefore due to the history of America's use of terrorist tactics such as the 1986 My Lai Massacre which resulted in the deaths of over 340 unarmed Vietnamese villages which consisted of mostly women and children, therefore it can be said that if an American soldier was to look in a mirror they may end up shooting themselves.


It can therefore be said that hypocrisy is the Muslim's practice of having high moral standards and/or religious beliefs in which any other person does not follow their way of religious practice.

Case Study: Fallujah

Located in Iraq forty miles from the west of Baghdad, Fallujah was to be known as one of the bloodiest and horrifying example of domestic terrorism leading into International Terrorism which consisted of two battles. As stated by Global Security (2004) the first battle for Fallujah began on April 5th, 2004 which was to be labelled Operation Vigilant Resolve', which sparked when four Blackwater military contractors were captured as well as mutilated and the killing of 5 United States soldiers a few days before 'Operation Vigilant Resolve'. This Operation ended in failure resulting in the creation of 'Operation Phantom Fury'.

As stated by Global Security (2012) early on in the Gulf War a British jet which was carrying two laser-guided missiles accidently dropped them on a crowded market killing between 50 and 150 civilians. On April 9th, 2004 US Marines took positions on the roads leading to the Jordanian and Fallujah General Hospital, however as stated by Iraq hospital officials who were working at the hospitals at the time reported 600 Iraqi's had been killed and 1,250 had been injured so far due to the fighting outside the Hospitals. It was stated by sources that more than half of those who were killed or injured were women and children.

'Operation Phantom Fury' began on the 7th of November, 2005, according to Sigfrido Ranucci (The Hidden Massacre, 2006) Fallujah was said to be the only war recorded as it happened and that the whole world can see but it was nothing more than a lie. Jeff Englehart who is an ex United States solider was personally involved with escorting a commander to Fallujah for Operation 'Phantom Fury', upon entering Fallujah the commander told all the soldiers heading into Fallujah that every person who was walking, talking and breathing was an enemy combatant.

Upon soldiers entering Iraq the army had set age limits to enemy combatants, on first entering Iraq Englehart was told it was 18 to 65 years old as this was the age of adulthood, However upon entering Fallujah he was told it was any male holding a gun was seen as a threat. Upon being asked what he would tell his children about Fallujah he would tell them it was a killing of Arabs. Upon trying to release the horror of what happened in Fallujah two journalists were arrested and their videos were seized, the war on Fallujah did not have witnesses as it was seen to be based on lies, many of the journalists who covered Fallujah had their tapes and documents taken by force or had their rooms and houses searched in order to confiscate materials which included information on Fallujah.

During January, 2005 death toll of those in Fallujah had no official figures, United States official John Sattler published information on the 18th November, 2005 which stated he was unaware of any civilian casualty, however pictures seen during 'The Hidden Massacre' published by Sigfrido Ranucci show countless dead civilians, one part of the video shows a wounded and unarmed man being executed by a  United States Soldier, it can be said that even those who were holding white flags as a sign of surrender were also shot at with some managing to escape while others were killed. The death toll of civilians in Fallujah was believed to have reached the hundreds disproving the statement published by John Sattler. The United States military was seen to use biological weapons which started to affect those in the city of Fallujah, one such example as shown by Sigfrido Ranucci (The Hidden Massacre, 2006) shows how after the Americans finished bombing Fallujah a boy's skull began to change and grow bigger.

The insurgency in Fallujah was originally sparked when 18 civilians were killed after they protested about the presence of the United States military in primary schools around Fallujah, it was said that according to General Richard Myers Fallujah was a dehumanised 'rats-nest'. After the statement made by US Official John Sattler the death toll was looked into resulting in the realisation that the death toll had been excluded, however it did not stop there, it was found that more than half of the death toll was women and children as well as the statistics on the deaths during the Nazzal hospital bombing also being prevented. Fallujah was seen as a rally crying by President Bush to pacify and was to be celebrated by the United States military as the new Vietnam, George Bush later states after the Fallujah incident that there are no rules when it comes to fighting terrorism.

Media & Terrorism

It can be said media has always been used as a method of calling attention to terrorism around the world, many such media representations are seen in forms of movies, newspaper articles or documentaries. According to Nacos (2004, p.178) those who intend to plan or commit an act of terrorism have always thought about the consequences and how likely it is to attract the attention of the media, it can therefore be said that the media are seen as a type of doorkeeper who opens the door to mediation of political violence especially terrorists. It can be said that since the first bombing of the World Trade Centre's in 1993 which was placed in the underground parking garage and the Oklahoma city bombings which killed countless civilians terrorism has spread from the use of the expression of terrorism the need to claim responsibility for terrorist actions is no longer needed, however responsibility for many of the recent terrorist attacks has been claimed out right or hinted towards their identity.

As seen in a Document labelled Terrorism and Media published by Transnational Terrorism (2008) Terrorists are constantly trying to use media as a way of getting their goals known to the public, in order to do this terrorist organizations will attempt to influence media outlets such as news stations which in turn would result in influencing their desired audience to spread the existence of the terrorist organization, this means all the attention will shift and focus on the terrorists, therefore it can be said that the use of media is essential in any plan which tactics which terrorists use are founded upon. The attention given to terrorists via the media can be said to aim to intimidate the audience resulting in the smallest possibility a terrorist attack could happen would create enough fear resulting in the terrorists aim to be completed.

An earliest example of the use of media to better terrorist goals is the attack on the Olympic Games in Munich during 1972, during the games a Palestinian terrorist organisation called Black September carried out attacks on Israeli athletes, which resulted a hostage situation and a rescue attempt which was seen by over 800 million people worldwide. It can be said that such means used in order to draw the attention of the audience are planned thoroughly and do not happen on an impulse.

As stated by Transnational Terrorism (2008) terrorist groups or governments may end up forcing the media to publish their motives such as media published under Adolf Hitler's orders during Nazi Germany, however it can be said that in most cases terrorists tend not to force their goals and motives to the media. The audience which terrorist attacks are focused upon is not only potential victims that need to taste fear but it is also aimed at people who are thinking about supporting the terrorists goals which results in the third objective of terrorists using the media which is to show the world and those thinking about supporting their goals that they can achieve mass  destruction. However it can be said that in order for terrorists become authentic representatives of their cause they must appear in the mass media on a regular basis.

According to Holloway (2008) the United States media which covered the September 11th World Trade Centre bombings was riddled with critics who tried everything in their power to accuse American journalists of forgetting its obligation to the people but instead rushing to cover the war or terror. It was seen that after 9/11 media studies were sparked in order to fully understand the link between journalism and the use of state power, the 9/11 terrorist attacks also saw the abolishment of media concepts such as observer-hood as, which resulted in making unbiased coverage impossible.

After the 9/11 aftermath many different news websites began showing up however many included alternative news content, it can be said that since the creation of the world wide web information has become instantly available for anyone who knows what they are looking for with such sites like YouTube and Google have made it possible for many internet users to store vast amounts of video's and websites for others to see, someone only has to type terrorism in the video site YouTube and will be expected to find over 197,000 results ranging from clips taken from a news program, academic talks and responses others have uploaded with their own thoughts on terrorism.

The use of media seemed to grow after 9/11, photographs of areas such as ground zero and the wall which held pictures and information of the lost or dead were taken and published in magazines or on the internet, literature was created to explain personal feelings about 9/11 or about other areas which involved terrorism and movies depicting what happened during certain terrorist attacks were shown in the cinema, one such example being a film called 'World Trade Center' which starred Nicolas Cage as a New York Police officer who with a few others went in to evacuate the crumbling World Trade Centre's and was caught buried under all the rubble after the tower had collapsed.

According to Prince (2009) many terrorists have desired for some form of mass destruction where it involves flying a plane into a building or using a car bomb to destroy an area or a convoy, The destruction of the World Trade Centre's in 2001 sparked the notion that more terrible things were going to happen in the future. It can be said that to better understand what happened to American film after 9/11 it is important to first understand the direction film took in the 1980's and 1990's previous to the 9/11 terrorist attack. Since the 1980's movies on terrorism offered the audience mass destruction as a form of entertainment, however previous to 1980's it was rare for American films to use examples of terrorism.

Alfred Hitchcock was a very well-known director in American cinema, he created the most powerful and horrifying image of terrorism in early cinema with his production called the Sabotage which was created in 1936 nineteen years before he became an American citizen, during the film a young boy who was unaware of what was in the bag is told to carry a bomb to Piccadilly Circus which must arrive before 1:30pm, however the young boy stops to watch a passing parade and is pestered by a man selling toothpaste, he then boards a bus which is delayed, while on the bus the young boy sits next to an elderly lady with a puppy which the young boy pats. At 1:45pm the bomb explodes killing everyone on the bus, upon watching the film the audience would be tense and anxious about what was going to happen next.

As stated by Prince (2009) The World Trade Centre became taboo in films, images of the towers were removed from films such as Spider-Man and Zoolander which were to be released after 9/11. After 9/11 Television and Cinema saw the rise of Documentaries about what happened to a small few during September 11th, One such Documentary called '7 Day's in September' which was created in 2004 documents the moments he spent inside a building with a man who was covered in ash, the documentary depicts the overwhelming cause of events as movie-like. In another video by Jules Naudet and James Hanlon unedited footage is shown involving the destruction which spread through the whole of the North Tower previous to its collapse.

With the use of media by terrorists in order to put their goals across to the world it is important to counter their use. As stated by Transnational Terrorism (2008) it is important to counter the relationship between terrorism and the media, examples of policy options which could be used are that of Laissez-faire which aim is to not cover terrorism at all regardless of circumstances or the situations it may cause.
Another policy which could be used to counter the use of media by terrorists a form of media censorship, even though it can be said that freedom of speech is an important part of society and is one of the core Human Rights but restrictions on the freedom of how the media publish their press might seem a necessary measure, however if the media refuse to cover any activity relating to terrorism terrorists may end up dying out.

There have been many examples of governments threatening or banning media publishers from covering any type of terrorism. It can therefore be argued whether or not using measures to counter the use of media used by terrorist is useful, therefore if governments were to succeed in the reduction of media coverage related to terrorism would it have an effect on how powerful and threatening a terrorist attack would be, such examples involve the blocking of broadcasting information live as to not hinder counter-terrorism strategies. As stated by Transnational Terrorism (2008) despite the following examples of countering the use of media by terrorists there is no proving that the reduction of terrorism due to a ban on broadcasting would work.

It is important to also ask whether or not the measures created for the purpose of counter the use of media by terrorist is desirable, this can be broken down into two different restrictions which have an effect on both legal and moral aspects, such restrictions include the Legal restrictions such as the freedom of speech and expression which is stated in the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedom's which states that everyone has the right to freedom of expression.

In order for a legal restriction to be placed the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedom's on the basis of three areas being meet, these areas are as stated by Transnational Terrorism (2008) the restriction must be place by the courts and government, it must be in response to protecting the public's interests and it is necessary to hold such interests. In response to terrorism ever since 9/11 new legislation has been passed which enables the government to prove a link to law exists, it can therefore be said that if a government has reasonable belief that certain media coverage will help terrorists then by law they have the authority to restrict broadcasting.

There are other issues which need to be looked out, however another most important issue is that of ethics, it can be said that all journalists and editors see it as their sole purpose to inform the world with as much information as is needed. It can be said that a large area of ethical issues stem from censoring terrorism, which to others believe that if the government could sensor terrorism then what is to say the government won't label something else as terrorism and censor that too, which is highly likely to be done by uncontrolled governments.

Conclusion

This dissertation has investigated 8 different areas all tying into the relation between Hypocrisy and Terrorism. The purpose of this current study was to set out and determine whether or not Hypocrisy surrounds terrorism, if so how and who is it used by. One of the most significant findings to emerge from this study is that not only do terrorists use terrorist tactics to better their control and goals the American government used the same tactics before and after 9/11.

The findings of this study show that the government is Hypocritical when publishing documents relating to the use of terrorist tactics or talking about the orphans created due to deaths of American soldiers, however as seen in Fatima Bhutto (America's Moral Hypocrisy on Terrorism, 2011) governments are to focused on their own people and not on those who have been left orphans due to the United States military attacks on innocent houses, schools or hospitals.

The study has however gone some way towards enhancing our understand of what terrorism truly is, how to counter such terrorism, our everyday human rights, the difference between Domestic and Foreign Terrorism, State Terror, Hypocrisy, the use of media by terrorist as well as a case study on Fallujah which was one of the most horrifying and bloody use of American power to date. The current investigation was however limited due to the word constraint and many of the findings were aimed towards terrorists rather than governments themselves; therefore I believe governments have attempted very hard to cover up their own mistakes.

It is recommended that further research be undertaken in areas such as Governmental Hypocrisy and how we can quell the threat of terror completely. There is, therefore, a definite need for future legislation and future methods of being able to fight against hypocritical governments in response to how they themselves use terrorism. I believe that no matter the outcome, fighting terror with terror will always cause more bloodshed so it is important to find other means of combating terrorism.


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Robertson, G. (2005) 'Fair Trails for Terrorists', in Wilson, R. Human Rights in the 'War on Terror'. Cambridge University Press, pp.169.
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Oh hai joe!

Xbox Live: Sacred Lie XII

EoS

His Lordship vs The girls he stares at everyday while working.